
A strong understanding of security basics, including cryptography, networking, and operating systems, is essential for any cybersecurity professional.
Ethical hackers must know how to conduct a penetration test properly, including reconnaissance, vulnerability identification, exploitation, and post-exploitation.
The security of web applications is a critical concern for organizations, and ethical hackers need to understand the common vulnerabilities that can be found in web applications.
Network security is another essential area of expertise for ethical hackers, who need to be familiar with firewalls, intrusion detection and prevention systems, and other security technologies.
Social engineering is the art of manipulating people to divulge sensitive information, and ethical hackers must be able to identify and defend against these types of attacks.
Wireless networks can be especially vulnerable to attack, and ethical hackers need to know how to secure wireless networks and identify vulnerabilities.
Cloud computing is becoming increasingly popular, and ethical hackers must know how to assess the security of cloud-based systems.
Mobile devices are a growing target for attackers, and ethical hackers must be able to identify and exploit vulnerabilities in mobile operating systems and applications.
Ethical hackers must be able to respond quickly and effectively to security incidents, including malware infections, denial-of-service attacks, and other types of attacks.